Ectopic pregnancy, also known as ectopic pregnancy, is a condition in which the fertilized egg grows and develops outside the uterus. The early symptoms of ectopic pregnancy include vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, etc., but it is difficult to diagnose ectopic pregnancy. If early symptoms of ectopic pregnancy are found, it is necessary to go to the hospital for detailed examination. So how to confirm ectopic pregnancy? Let's learn about it together.
1. Pregnancy test
When the embryo is alive or when the nourishing cells are active, hCG is secreted and the pregnancy test shows a positive result. However, the level of hCG in patients with ectopic pregnancy is lower than that in normal pregnancy, so the general hCG measurement method has a lower positive rate. Therefore, more sensitive β - hCG radioimmunoassay or monoclonal antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay should be used.
2. Posterior fornix puncture
The uterorectal depression is the most prone area for blood accumulation in the abdominal cavity, and even if the amount of bleeding is not significant, it can be aspirated through the posterior fornix puncture. When diagnosing, a long needle (size 18) is inserted into the rectovaginal cavity through the posterior fornix of the vagina. If the blood drawn is not coagulated and is dark red, it is a positive result, indicating the presence of blood accumulation in the abdominal cavity.
3. Ultrasonic diagnosis
In early tubal pregnancy, it can be seen from ultrasound that the uterus is enlarged, but the uterine cavity is empty and there is a hypoechoic area near the uterus. This type of image is not a sound characteristic of tubal pregnancy, and the possibility of early intrauterine pregnancy accompanied by pregnancy corpus luteum needs to be ruled out. The use of ultrasound to detect gestational sac and fetal heartbeat is crucial in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, even if the pregnancy is outside the uterus; The gestational sac is located inside the uterus, so it is basically not an ectopic pregnancy. Early diagnosis of interstitial pregnancy by B-ultrasound has important clinical significance, as it can show protrusion of one uterine horn, thickening of local muscle layer, and obvious gestational sac inside.
4. Pathological examination of endometrium
Diagnostic curettage is only applicable to patients with significant vaginal bleeding, in order to rule out intrauterine pregnancy. The discharge from the uterine cavity should undergo pathological examination. If villi appear in the section, it is an intrauterine pregnancy. If only decidua is seen without villi, although it should be considered as ectopic pregnancy, it cannot be used as a definitive result.
The above is the encyclopedia introduction about how to diagnose ectopic pregnancy. Research has found that choosing a time when both men and women are in good mental and physical condition to conceive can effectively prevent the occurrence of ectopic pregnancy. If parents are not considered for the time being, contraceptive measures should be taken to fundamentally prevent the occurrence of ectopic pregnancy.
