Diabetes is a disease that our residents are prone to, and we all know a little about the daily nursing knowledge of diabetes patients. However, we are all unfamiliar with the long name of diabetes ketoacidosis. If someone at home suffers from this disease, it is necessary for us to understand its nursing problems.
1、 What is diabetes ketoacidosis
Diabetes ketoacidosis refers to the symptoms of pathological changes such as hyperglycemia, hyperketosis, ketonuria, dehydration, electrolyte disorder, metabolic acidosis and so on in diabetes patients due to the obvious shortage of insulin and inappropriate increase of glucogenic hormone under the effect of various incentives. It is one of the common medical emergencies. Nursing measures for patients with diabetes ketoacidosis are very important.
2、 Six nursing principles of diabetes ketoacidosis
1. After being diagnosed with ketoacidosis, it is necessary to rest in bed absolutely and cooperate with rescue treatment immediately.
2. Quickly establish venous access to correct disturbances in water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance, as well as symptoms of ketoacidosis.
3. Follow the doctor's advice and use regular insulin. Low doses of insulin should be used correctly to reduce the occurrence of hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, and cerebral edema.
4. Assist in treating induced diseases and complications, closely monitor the patient's vital signs, consciousness, and pupils (see coma care protocol), and assist in measuring and recording blood sugar.
5. Diet nursing: fast, change to diabetes semi liquid or diabetes diet after the coma is relieved
6. To prevent infection, it is necessary to take good care of the mouth and skin, keep the skin clean, prevent bedsores and secondary infections, and female patients should keep the external genitalia clean.
The above is the relevant knowledge about nursing problems of diabetes ketoacidosis. It is not difficult to see from the words alone that both patients and their families are suffering from this situation. So for the happiness of oneself and one's family, one should pay attention to their diet structure, participate in more exercise, and try to stay away from the troubles of this disease as much as possible.
