Pregnant women and fetuses are the most concerned and worried objects for fathers and their families. The health of pregnant women and fetuses is the greatest happiness for the entire family. Some pregnant friends may experience malnutrition during pregnancy, which can be very frustrating for their families. So, what are the effects of malnutrition in pregnant women on the fetus? What should pregnant women and fetuses do if they suffer from malnutrition? Next, the editor will provide a detailed introduction for everyone.
What are the effects of malnutrition in pregnant women on the fetus
1. Nutritional deficiency can easily lead to anemia during pregnancy. About 20% of pregnant women in the urban population suffer from anemia to varying degrees, while the incidence rate in rural areas is even higher, reaching more than 40%. The main reason is due to deficiencies in iron, folate, or vitamin B12. Anemia during pregnancy not only affects maternal health, but also affects fetal growth and development, as well as postnatal neurobehavior and intelligence levels.
2. Nutritional deficiency can easily lead to hypertension during pregnancy. Hypertension during pregnancy is a pregnancy specific disease, with a incidence rate of about 7% -12%. It is one of the important causes of maternal mortality and perinatal mortality. The etiology is not yet clear, but it is generally believed to be related to factors such as genetics, immunity, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, deficiencies in trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, zinc, selenium, and low socioeconomic status. Pregnancy induced hypertension can cause changes in various organs throughout the body. If left untreated, it can lead to serious adverse consequences.
3. Malnutrition affects pregnancy outcomes. Pregnancy nutrition is closely related to miscarriage, premature birth, and premature rupture of membranes. Severe deficiencies in protein, vitamins, and trace elements can cause miscarriage; The reduction of copper ions in pregnant women's diet can lead to a decrease in the synthesis of collagen fibers and elastic fibers in fibroblasts, a decrease in membrane elasticity, and an increase in the fragility of membranes due to vitamin C deficiency, resulting in an increased incidence of premature rupture of membranes. In addition, a decrease in the concentration of copper and zinc ions in the serum of pregnant women can lead to the occurrence of post term pregnancies.
What should pregnant women and fetuses do if they suffer from malnutrition
1. A light and easily digestible diet during pregnancy is recommended. Pregnant women should choose their favorite foods as much as possible.
2. To ensure protein intake, pregnant women can supplement dairy, egg, legume, and hard fruit foods appropriately.
3. Pay attention to the intake of folic acid in early pregnancy, as folic acid is related to the development of the fetal nervous system. If there is a lack of folic acid during pregnancy, it can easily cause defects in the fetal neural tube, and many natural foods contain abundant amounts of folic acid.
4. The supply of vitamins should be sufficient. If the pregnant woman's pregnancy reaction seriously affects normal eating, she can supplement with comprehensive vitamin tablets appropriately under the advice of a doctor.
5. Both meat and vegetables are available, with a combination of coarse and fine ingredients, and a diverse range of food varieties. Avoid being picky and selective about food, and prevent the deficiency of minerals and trace elements.
6. Pay appropriate attention to supplementing foods rich in iron, such as animal liver, blood, and beef, to prevent iron deficiency anemia. Supplementing with vitamin C can also increase iron absorption.
7. Pregnant women have an increased demand for calcium and should consume more calcium rich foods such as dairy products, soy products, shrimp skin, and seaweed.
The above is some content introduced by the editor about how to deal with malnutrition in pregnant women and fetuses. I hope it is helpful to everyone. Overall, malnutrition in pregnant women and fetuses ultimately stems from inadequate and unbalanced nutrition. So pregnant women should not be picky eaters, but have a balanced diet, eat more vegetables, and consume more protein rich foods.
