Iodine is an essential element in the human body, neither too much nor too little, as it can cause various illnesses to some extent. Nowadays, few people suffer from diseases due to iodine deficiency, but we still need to understand the importance of iodine for the human body. Today, let's mainly understand what diseases iodine deficiency can cause?
What diseases can iodine deficiency cause
1. Children suffering from iodine deficiency disorders can cause brain damage and neural development, resulting in varying degrees of intellectual disability and low learning ability.
2. Localized goiter, commonly known as thick neck or large neck disease; Severe iodine deficiency can lead to endemic cretinism. Manifesting as deaf, mute, dumb, and foolish.
3. Causing the death, deformity, deafness, miscarriage, or premature birth of fetuses growing in the mother's womb.
4. Adults' physical strength and labor ability decline, and children's growth and development are affected. Lack of disease treatment
What are the causes of iodine deficiency
1. Natural geographical factors
The ice layer dissolved during the Quaternary glacial period washed away the iodine from the Earth's surface into the ocean, which may be the reason for the iodine deficiency in most endemic areas of endemic goiter. In addition, the iodine content in the soil is related to the properties of the local rocks and soil. Dijia disease areas are commonly found in areas where limestone, chalk soil, sandy soil, calcareous soil, and peat soil are the main components of the soil (due to low iodine content, large voids, and easy loss of iodine with water). It is rare in magma areas or areas where black soil, red soil, and millet soil containing a large amount of colloidal particles and organic matter are the main components. Although peat soil contains more iodine, it is firmly bound to the soil and cannot be absorbed by plants. Therefore, Dijia disease is also prevalent in these areas.
2. Dietary factors
(1) Nearly 60% of the human body's iodine supply comes from plant-based foods, and iodine deficiency in soil can affect the iodine content of plant-based foods.
(2) Low protein and low calorie levels can increase the levels of T3 in serum T4、 The decrease in plasma PBI and the increase in serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) lead to a decrease in the secretion of tyrosine and a reduction in the organification of iodine.
(3) Low protein and high carbohydrate can affect the absorption and utilization of iodine by the thyroid gland.
(4) Thiocyanate in foods (such as cassava, corn, sorghum, millet, soybeans, peanuts, peas, ginger, almonds all contain thiocyanate) can be reversibly converted into SCN in the gastrointestinal tract, which can competitively inhibit the transport of iodine ions to the thyroid gland and increase iodine excretion.
(5) The hydrolysis products of sulfur-containing glucosides in vegetables such as cabbage, bok choy, turnip, mustard greens, etc. can inhibit the organic process of iodine.
(6) Calcium in food can hinder the absorption of iodine, inhibit the synthesis of thyroid hormone, and accelerate the excretion of iodine.
